Case Study Medici Restaurant Essay

In the first question of the Medici Mediterranean Restaurant case study, it asks if there are any other options that Alissa might consider solving this problem. There are many other options that are not listed in the study that Alissa could exercise in this scenario to make Guido focus more on his job. In this particular case, the head chef Guido has not been through business school like the owner Alissa has. Guido lacks the business skills that are imperative to keep a business well and running, leading to recurring late payments of bills and invoices, deliveries of product that are not on time, and a non qualified wait staff that is hurting the business. Guido’s focus is in the kitchen and it has become a struggle for him to balance being a head chef, cooking food for numerous customers every day, and being a successful manager. In Medici II, there is a lack of wait staff that does no help to Guido, putting extra stress on him to perform to his best abilities as a chef. Guid o’s job is to ensure quality food keeping customers, while managing the entire floor of the restaurant, all while keeping Alissa happy. One option that Alissa may consider would to put her experience of business school to use and to take on the entire business side of both restaurant locations. Meaning to find a distributor that delivers product quick and on time, eliminating the need to change the popular menu items. Alissa would have to take on all invoices and bills in both restaurants, reducing what Guido’s job entails, leading him to focus more on being a chef, rather than a manager. Alissa would also have to decide which of the wait staff at Medici II is worth keeping, and fire the ones that are undisciplined. Hiring a wait staff that has experience in the restaurant business would benefit both Alissa and Guido and increase the profits in both restaurants because of an increase in efficiency. A more experienced wait staff would take stress off of Guido while he was in the kitchen, and would help him focus more on getting meals out to customers. Another option that Alissa may be able to exercise would be hiring an assistant chef for Guido, who has experience aiding to a head chef. This option would leave Guido with more time for taking care of the business side of the restaurant, such as bills and invoices, deliveries, and the wait staff. It will also give Guido more time during work hours to keep up appearances with customers, which come to the restaurant to see Guido, and eat the food that he prepares. With an assistant chef for Guido, revenue will increase again due to a rise in production output. The aid of an assistant chef giving Guido more time in the business, would lead Alissa to be able to stay at the original Medici location, minimizing the trips that she would have to take to the Medici II location. Helping her focus more on the issues that arise in the original location. The second question of the Medici Mediterranean Restaurant is to evaluate each alternative of the case carefully and to choose one that I think would be the best for this case. The first alternative option in the case is to maintain the status quo that Alissa already has in her businesses. This option entails Alissa and Guido sitting down and discussing a more manageable plan for handling office administration details at the Medici II loc ation. In this option Alissa considers the idea of hiring a full time employee to assist Guido with business details, but Alissa is not sure she will be able to afford another full time employee at this time. This option is not the one that I would choose for Alissa to exercise in her business. Sitting down in a non-confrontational manner and discussing the administrative side of the business and future of Medici II with Guido would be a step in the right direction, but would not get anything executed. Alissa has already talked to Guido about his work ethic and Guido has always promised Alissa to do better. The relationship between Guido and Alissa is obviously not working. In this option, it says that she will try to figure out his future plans, meaning she would wait to see if he is going to open a restaurant himself or not. This option is wasting valuable time for Alissa, time that she can be putting toward training a new head chef and manager for her business. The second option would be to discipline or fire Guido. This option entails that Guido has been repeating the same problems that have been addressed on previous occasions. Alissa is worried that firing Guido would put her business in a competition with Guido if he decided to open his own restaurant. With no guarantee that Guido would open a business in the area of Medici, Alissa still thinks that disciplinary steps are futile. This is the option that I would choose. The problems have been adding up for Guido as an employee of Alissa. The business is losing money and it is at the point where something needs to change. Alissa needs to cut ties with Guido, and hire a chef that is responsible in making business decisions and skilled in cooking Mediterranean cuisine. If Alissa does not fire Guido, Medici II will eventually fail as a business, causing a major set back financially for Alissa. Alissa needs to take this risk of firing Guido, and not worry if Guido will open a restaurant, for that will focus her on everything but what actually needs to be done in her business. At this time in her business, there are more important issues that need to be taken care of, and keeping Guido at the current position would take away time that could be used toward finding a new head chef and manager that may very well be a better employee than Guido.

Zagu Co. Background

CONTENT : Topic Page Analyze Russia at the time of the case, 1992, 1-2 (Using the PEST and Geography framework) Analyze Pepsi as a company using only the information in the case 3-4 Recommendations for Pepsi to become successful in Russia4-5 Answer the specific questions asked by Bill Shaddy in the last paragraph of the case 5-6 Pepsi challenge – Russia 1992 Pepsi is a soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. It is sold in many retail stores, places, restaurants, schools, cinemas and from vending machines. However, the article of â€Å"The Pepsi Challenge-Russia 1992† discusses on the challenge of hiring people as well as develop staffing compensation and training for the new Russia organization after finding the ineffective business. It is very important that an organization as Pepsi considers Russia environment before beginning re-organization. In fact, environmental analysis should be continuous and treat all aspects of planning. One of marketing tools that often uses to analyze environmental economic is PEST including political factors, economic factors, social factors, and technological factors. Political factor; According to beginning of year 1992 in Russia, the politics at that time is concerned to be communist before changing to democracy in May 1992. The regulation of business is based on government. Government policy influence laws that regulate all businesses and every international business agreement involve government to participate in every activity. The one of examples is that Pepsi hires employees through one of the government employment bureaus unless Pepsi forms a joint stock company, which is the window that allows foreigners to hire Russians directly. The politics in Russia seems to be unstable such as the sensitive between Russia and Ukraine resulting to Pepsi cannot hire people from Ukraine to be the part of PepsiCo in Russia. The country also lacks a legal framework for property rights. The movement of privatization is slow and controversy between different republic. The business contract has to renegotiate under turmoil situation. It can be conclude that the government influence in economics and social aspect. Economic factor; This is the one of significant factors which influences on PepsiCo. Business needs to consider the state of economy in short and long terms, and economic factors are the important tool for international marketing. In Russia, the economics seems to be capitalism, and a free market, but in fact people still stick to the communist system, so that the free looks unreal. There is less competition on market due to government regulation and control system. The economic environment has the unappreciated sign. The workers are inefficient, the organization presents overstaffing and nepotism, and the system also identifies as nepotism. The people are employed as presenting high employment rate, but they work with low efficiency and effectiveness. All of these result to low productivity and high inflation rate that is also mention on first paragraph; economic output declines around 20 percent on an annual basic, and the monthly inflation rate is double digits. The country lacks of a financial system and knowledgeable business. The writer compares the economic system of Russia with another country; In Russia does not have a well developed business system like India. If comparing GNP with Ukraine and Kazakhstan, Russia is quite lower than others. The number of GNP presents only US$ 5,400 per 149 million people. A globally traded currency should serve as a reliable and stable, but it does not act in Russia. â€Å"Some companies have paid in hard currency which fuels expectations of locals. Other companies have paid only rubles†(Honorio, P. 10) In the same business Coke dominates Russia market more than Pepsi; Pepsi has around six percent of the market in total soft drink sales. Therefore, this is the one talent issue for Pepsi to make more market share. Social factor; The social style and culture affect on international business. One problem why Pepsi cannot rapidly grow in Russia is language and cultural barriers. The culture is traditional. There are not many people who have English knowledge. Moreover, confidential issue should be careful because everyone alks and share information to each other in their society. The other interesting point is that Russians are not get use to western style resulting to difficulty of working in western company. Russian system is flexible and no specific rule in some topics; for example businesses cannot get reference checks for their employments. Because of social factors, Russians are less interest in foreign business even tho ugh there are many western companies in Russia, so that it creates the difficult work for HR department when they want to hire efficient labor. Technology factor; Technology is competitive advantage for international business. In Russia, there are fewer technologies to allow customers to easily access to products. All technologies base on the local resources. However, Pepsi use the technology to be the media of their advertising, such as television, and newspaper. Pepsi also adds the technology such as vending machine in their selling instead of using middle man or personal selling. Even though Pepsi want to use the high effective technology, it is useless because the distribution is state-owned and controlled. Analyze Pepsi as a company. In term of marketing process, there are many interesting key points which contribute its performance. 1. Research: Pepsi tries to build the Russian organization. Bill Shaddy is the company representative to do the research and analyze situation including culture, politics, resource and technology, social environment, demography, business, and human behavior. Even though there is another competition as coke that dominates the soft drink market in Russia, Pepsi wants to expand its market, and it is talent for Pepsi. 2. Target customer: all genders and ages are the target customers. The middle class is the main target of company that we can see example in India. There are several criteria to analyze its performance which are: * Defendable: it is competitive in its market because it preserves a great quality because Pepsi technicians trained the partners on quality control, and good service in store and out store. Moreover, it has loyal customers in America that can prove by marketing share. There is only one big company as Coca cola that produces the same product. Accessible: Pepsi is dispensed out of sidewalk fountain machines, and distribution to many retailers. * Expandable: there is an opportunity for selling its products, since there is high demand. Pepsi has a lot of franchises, and also creates the new taste for their products; for example, a lemon-flavored soft drink in the Soviet market. * Serviceable: generally, Pepsi relies on shelf space and positioning, as well as convenience packaging and provides the good service for all customers, but in Russian stores do not compete on service. Profitable: it is profitable because Pepsi has a lot of customers and the cost cut in building like the situation in Russia that Shaddy tries to find the cheapest office. Moreover, Pepsi hires many locals, so it can cut excessive payment. 3. Position: the Pepsi captures the code of worldwide business and value. Pepsi reserves the leader in soft drink market in U. S. and try to achieve in other regions. 4. Marketing Mix * Price: price is reasonable; the same price as local soft drink brands. In Russia, suppliers in the same product do not compete on price. Product: Good quality soft drink, and convenient package. * Promotion: Pepsi uses various channels to promote its product, such as news paper, television commercial, outdoor, kiosk displays, sponsored promotion, and events. * Place: Providing in everywhere, especially in American market. 5. Execute: to penetrate the existing market by using many promotion, keeping quality, and developing products. From the above points that make Pepsi achieves its success goal, we can conclude that the Pepsi marketing strategies meet the need of its customers. This situation can be called as touch point. Moreover, Pepsi also uses push and pull of marketing strategy. It advertises in public. This can be called as creating a demand strategy. When people hear or receive information about it, they go to get the product. Moreover, word of mouth is another channel of advertising which is useful for Pepsi. Recommendation; As we can see that Pepsi gains market share leadership in U. S. food store sales, but in most European and Asian markets where Coke has higher market share than Pepsi. Therefore, researching in all factors, and developing in those markets should be considered in order to be leadership in soft drink market. In Russia, 1992, there are many problems issued, such as politics, economic system, social factors, technology; all we know as PEST. There are some suitable ways to solve those problems as below, Political factor : The politics still bases on communist even it changed to democracy system. The polictics influences in business. Pepsi should slow down in its investment due to adjusting period of Russian government. Economic factor: Considering in international financial institution due to unstable economics in Russia during this period. Social factor: Education is the key factor to develop the system. Creating the organize culture to all Pepsi’s employees to make them to be proud in organization. Training is required to improve productivity. Using reward or bonus motivates employees to increase efficiency. Technology factor: Using more technologies offer consumer and business more innovative products and services. The company should hire the specialists to develop programs which support marketing plan, and Human Resource Management. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) should apply. The specific questions asked by Bill Shaddy; According to the last paragraph, the writer mentions on the Bill Shaddy question that â€Å"How to go about finding Russians that could become successful â€Å"Pepsi† people. How would he select them? And how should they be compensated, trained and managed? In my point of view, those questions are related to human resource management on recruitment and selection process. Shaddy has to consider all factors about Russia, especially social issue such as culture, education, demographics, and then all components should be included into the recruitment process and selection process in order to get the right person to the right job effectively. The first job is to identify the job opening as a Sales Manager and a Technical Engineering Manager through HR planning based on organizational values and code of conduct. Next step is to delicately determine the job description and job specification. This process should be clear and easy to understand. If lacking of candidate-qualification’s detail, it is difficult to find the right person due to under qualified applicants. Both a Sales Manager and a Technical Engineering Manager position are in management level; thus the minimum experience should be significant important qualify to handle the jobs. The other important part of recruitment is that recruiting sources and methods are chosen. There is no single, best recruiting technique, and the most appropriate for any given position depends on a number of factors. In this case, Russia is considered to be the communism, old fashion, and technology is not widely used, so that Shaddy should invest online recruitment in low proportion of recruitment cost. The method should be considered such as government employment agencies, searching through direct networking from foreign company, and print advertising. The reasons why government employment agencies should be used because Russia government plays high role in every activity of Russians. Another reason is talking with local people might make Russians more comfortable, confidence, and feel more reliable. They will not want to work for western companies because of development aspect; therefore, using government representative to find the effective people should be concerned. The benefit from using foreign company network is that company can be confident the knowledge and language ability of people who are hired. However, some situation might happen when Shaddy find the right people, but they are working for other companies. In this case, Pepsi should consider investing more money to motivate them to come to be the part of organization. There is another way is printing advertising. This way is the lowest investment, but getting high result. Pepsi has many retailer, outdoor events, and kiosks in Russia. Shaddy should use these channels to post a job advertisement. Many Russian might interest in job advertisement, and directly come to Shaddy. After finishing recruitment, a pool of qualified recruits is generated. Then, Shaddy should go to the step of selection. First, the people not meeting the essential selection criteria are eliminated first. The remaining are examined and those of them who most closely match the job specifications are identified and consideration. The job positions however require the experience to handle the job. The situation is that there are few Russians with relevant business experience, thus the intensive training program such as oversea training should be provided to them. Second, the test should be used for finding the appropriate Russians by testing ability, emotional intelligence, and specific thinking skill. The world-wide values of organization should be included in the test. For example, challenging assumptions to generate new ideas and approaches by situation testing. Next, the most important part of selection before hiring decision is the selection interview. Given people, who are selected, higher valid in prediction job performance, the focus should be on situational and behavioral questions. Shaddy should consider both their aspects and actions when they respond the questions. If Shaddy pays attention to all steps of recruitment and selection, Pepsi will get the efficient people to do the jobs. However, when getting the right people, how they should be compensated, trained and managed. The simple idea is that providing effective training programs in term of practice and theory, and these programs have to be analyzed and evaluated. The foreign assignment in the countries, in which PepsiCo succeeded, is helpful for new managers. There is the need to manage with a workforce and management colleagues whose cultural factors may be dramatically different from their own, and the considerable stress in foreign land can bring to bear on manager position, but they can learn other things from effective organizations in foreign countries so as to apply to use in Russia. The experience is also helping new managers to solve the problems which might be occurred during working. If Shaddy carefully consider in all above issues, he will hire the proficient Russians to become successful â€Å"Pepsi† people, and significantly contributes to be successful. Zagu Co. Background I. Company Background It took several months of experimentation, product sampling and planning before the first Zagu store was launched in April 0f 1999. Zagu was pioneered by a young enterprising lady with a degree in Food Science from University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. To this date, Zagu has blended more than 40 million pearl shakes. This is a pretty good number for something that they just call a passing fad. Zagu has grown from a tiny kiosk to a current network of over 290 outlets nationwide. Zagu has also gained recognition locally through awards such as the National Consumer Quality Awards and the Parangal ng Bayan People’s Choice Awards, and International recognition through our partner in Sydney, Australia. 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The company’s mission is to provide the best quality, reasonably priced products in the Food and Beverage Industry and to continuously generate awareness, interest and desire for their products, resulting in frequent purchases. The objective of the company is to promote, protect and maintain their image at all times. Another is to make sure that each employee provides quality products and offer excellent service to all customers. Last is to make sure that all outlets are properly laid out, maintained and profitable. We have chosen Zagu – SM Manila outlet to have our study conducted. We would like to make a study regarding the process of making a shake in one of the famous shake store in the Metro – Zagu. Standard time data are element time standards, from time studies, that have been proven to be accurate and reliable. Analysts classify and file element standards so they can be readily abstracted when needed. The application of standard time data is fundamentally an extension of the same process used to arrive at allowed times through a stopwatch time study. Standard data can have several levels of refinement: motion, element, and task. The more refined the standard data element, the roader the range of usage. Standard Data are compiled from different elements in time studies of a given process over a period of time. Time Study is a technique for establishing an allowed time standard for performing a given task. This technique is based on measuring the work content of the prescribed method.

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Issues in the Field of Engineering - Essay Example The carbon dioxide laser cutting and wielding machines applies the use of energy state transition which occurs between the rotational states and the vibration states of the carbon dioxide molecule to help in the emission of light long infrared. This wave1lengths often occurs at about 10 Â µm. The carbon dioxide lasers helps in the maintenance of continuous and high levels of the power applied, making them suitable in cutting and marking applications. They are often applied in the cutting of steel and super alloys at various power levels ranging from 1 to 5 kW. The lasers are also applied in the laser eye and in the correction of the laser vision. (Krar 51) Some of the specifications for the cutting and the laser wielding machines which includes the transverse speed, power, Y-axis travel, X-axis travel and the Z-axis travel. Usually there are three different types of carbon dioxide lasers: transverse gas flow, axial gas flow and the sealed tube. For the various sealed tube lasers, the power output is 40 to 80 watts (W) per meter of the each of the tube length. The lasers are usually pumped by flash lambs, near IR laser diodes and also the gas discharge lambs. A number of the specialty laser cutting and welding laser cutting machines are applicable in the cutting of pipes tubes, films, adhesives and composite materials. The laser cutting and welding machines helped in the cutting of machines are specifically designed in the cutting of rubber, plastic, stone, marble, metal, foam, granite and the composite material. Some of the laser cutting and welding machines include integral interface and computer interface. Other systems include moto rized heads, robotic arms, guidance modules, pallets, gantry tables, monitoring systems, cabinets, sensors and laser optics. Various laser cutting and welding machine helps in the designing of applications with highest demand on the cutting speed. The fields of application

Wireless network design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Wireless network design - Essay Example This paper looks at implementing wireless network in an organization. Why should one use wireless instead of the traditional wired networks, the advantages and disadvantages of wireless network and the components of wireless network. The paper also looks at the configurations for wireless network. The strength of having wireless internet is attributed to the fact that wires or cables are not required to connect each node on the network hence it is cheaper to install and maintain. While interface which results to packet errors and security concerns are some of the shortcoming of wireless network. When designing the wireless network, the main goal is to ensure that services, which were offered by other modes of communication, are offered even more effectively. Therefore, the same data types and services should be available to the users after implementing it. The safety and security concerns of the data on the internet must be well addressed. This is because any person can attempt to access information illegally once on the network. Encryption mechanisms should be implemented to protect the privacy of the users and the organizational data. As privacy and confidentiality is ensured in the design of wireless network, the existing services of the organization should be transparent which means they should be available. The two protocols both operate in spectrum technique in 2.4 GHz band (in the range of 2.4 to 2.4835 GHz) with 83.5 MHz total bandwidth. 802.11 uses; DSSS, CCK and OFDM techniques. The technique has method and mechanisms of adapting to noise, where the 802.11 uses 1 to 54 Mb/s signal rate to protect its protocol from noise. Adaption to noise is done in physical layer in 802.11 where it is transparent to higher layers. This wireless network has capabilities of transmission speeds going to 300Mbps. The frequency range of this technology is 2.4GHz to 5.0 GHz. It is the most recent wireless

Fiction novel by Jerry Spinelli Essay Example for Free

Fiction novel by Jerry Spinelli Essay Milkweed is a historical fiction novel by Jerry Spinelli. It is centered around Misha who grows up in Warsaw, Poland as the Holocaust is in full fledge. Misha struggles in his young life, as an orphaned Jew who steals and struggles to survive. Throughout the book Misha exemplifies persistence and perseverance in never giving up on life or the setbacks life can hand you that are outside of your control. This is a story of a man reflecting back on his difficult life he was dealt. Despite having no family, no belongings, and no true sense of identity, Misha is still able to love and care for others. He only steals and pick pockets others because it is necessary to his survival. Although he originally steals from Janina and her family, they take him in and treat Misha as their son. He loves and cares for them in return and continues to care for Janina, even after she is cruelly taken away from him after being shot by the Nazis. Even into his old life, Misha thinks fondly of Janina, remembering how he truly felt he was a part of her family and remembering her with kindness. He gives his granddaughter Janina for a middle name without hesitating when asked by his daughter. Although Misha begins the novel with no real sense of self or identity, by the end of the book and middle age for him, he finds his spot in the world, living peacefully and being sure of himself. After the War, Misha moves to America, where he begins giving speeches on street corners telling stories of all that he endured during the War. I think he may have told these stories both to make sense of what had happened to him and also to make others aware of exactly how awful the Nazi party was. He is able to make peace his past and leads a peaceful, happy life working at a grocery store and spending time with his daughter and granddaughter. Misha shows us all that despite what setbacks people have encountered and how unfair life may have been to them, with hard work, perseverance, and an optimistic outlook on life, you may not be able to control your destiny, but you are able to control how you react to it. Misha just so happens to take life as it comes and celebrate his victories. He chooses not to dwell on his orphaned life, poverty, the war, or the fact that his pregnant life left him and rejoice in the fact that he once had loved ones and now has a healthy daughter and granddaughter. After time, Misha accepted his past and quirky habits he acquired during the war and was able to reconcile with them.

The stanger and Truman comparison Essay Example for Free

The stanger and Truman comparison Essay The Stanger written by Albert Camus and The Truman Show both have irony in them. In the beginning their life is in a sense meaningless and nothing really to it. Trying to live a â€Å"normal† life is what they are striving for. Truman from The Truman Show and Meursault from The Stranger both have things that foreshadow their ultimate choices in life, which include symbolism, existential themes, and irony. In The Truman Show, there is irony present throughout the whole movie. During most of the film, Truman wanted to leave Seahaven and go explore the world. He had a desire to do more than just live a quaint, common life. He is unique, and it is his motivation that makes him stand out. His enduring determination helped him find the answer. For example, he almost drowned during a storm while sailing, but he persisted on. Truman got an answer, but it may not have been the answer he was searching for. Once Truman learned that his life was a television show, he realized he would not be as unique if he left. He would not be the center of attention, and now wants to be just an ordinary person outside of Seahaven. There also irony present throughout The Stranger, as Meursault also has somewhat of an epiphany towards the end of the novel. Throughout the story, Meursault is indifferent to many things and does not show strong moral values. For example, he kills a man without strong reasoning. After getting sentenced to death, he truly realizes why he is getting punished for his actions. He understands what will happen to him and accepts it. Ironically, instead of having moral thoughts or feelings of remorse, he believes that hatred of him would make him feel less Gonzales 2 alone. However, he realizes he becomes happier when he better understands human existence and purpose. â€Å"As if that blind rage had washed me clean, rid me of hope; for the first time, in that night alive with signs and stars, I opened myself to the gentle indifference of the world. Finding it so much like myself—so like a brother, really—I felt that I had been happy and that I was happy again. For everything to be consummated, for me to feel less alone, I had only to wish that there be a large crowd of spectators the day of my execution and that they greet me with cries of hate,† (Part 2, Chapter 5, P. 123). He feels lonely, and it is the hate from the crowd of spectators that help him feel less alone. There are also existentialist themes in The Truman Show. Although the show’s creator, Christof, tried to keep Truman in Seahaven, he ultimately could not. Truman’s freewill and control of his own fate led him to discovering the truth about Seahaven, and thus controlling the outcome of his life. He accepted the reality of his life being centered on a television show, but moved on by leaving Seahaven. Although Truman’s artificial world came to an end, he entered reality as he left Seahaven. Meursault faced a lot of things like an existentialist. For example, he was ready to accept his consequence after he shot the Arab. He also was ready for death, knowing it is inevitable. Some existential themes include freewill, controlling your own fate, accepting your fate, and taking responsibility for your own actions. These themes are all present in The Stranger. It was the freewill that led him to shooting the Arab, because he was in total control. He chose his fate, accepted the consequences, and took responsibility for what he did. For example, he realized he was going to die, and accepted it. Symbolically, Truman’s â€Å"fake† world coming to an end was foreshadowed by a previous event. The light fixture that fell as Truman left his home symbolized things starting to fall apart. Gonzales 3 Shortly after this even, there were more examples that caused him to be suspicious and doubtful of the world around him. Another great example of symbolism in the film was the unfinished bridge that Truman and Marlon had conversations on. Truman was always uncertain of something when he spoke to Marlon on the bridge, and it could represent Truman’s unfulfilled life and uncertainty. Although Truman’s life was unfulfilled in his eyes, there is something that foreshadows him traveling in the future and discovering something. The name of his sailboat was the Santa Maria, which was a famous boat that Columbus sailed to America on. This foreshadowed Truman leaving the town of Seahaven to explore a completely new world. There is much symbolism present in The Stranger as well. For example, Meursault does not like being uncomfortable, especially from the weather. Many perceive the sun as a source of warmth, sometimes beauty, but Meursault dislikes the heat. The sun normally brings joy, emotional warmth or comfort to an individual, but Meursault seems to dislike feeling emotional in any way. He also dislikes heat from the sun. The sun was a barrier of Meursault’s emotions. It also led him to murder. While walking on the beach, Meursault encountered the Arab again. The Arab reflected light off of his knife from the sun. Meursault thought to himself, â€Å"All I could feel were the cymbals of sunlight crashing on my forehead and, instinctively, the dazzling spear flying up from the knife in front of me. The scorching blade slashed at my eyelashes and stabbed at my stinging eyes, (Part 1, Ch. 6, P. 59). Right after this, he shot and killed the Arab. It seems like the little emotions that Meursault had took over his actions. Before he walks up to the Arab and shoots him, Meursault thinks to himself, â€Å"It occurred to me that all I had to do was turn around and that would be the end of it. But the whole beach, throbbing in the sun, was pressing on my back. I took a few steps toward the spring,† (Part 1, Ch. 6, P. 58). However, towards the end of the novel he did gain some morals and understood much more about life. When he did, he Gonzales 4 looked into the window, with the sun shining behind it, and gazed at his reflection: I moved closer to the window, and in the last light of day I gazed at my reflection one more time,† (Part 2, Ch. 2, P. 81). Not only do they come to a meaning for their life they also find ways to change it for them. As you can see, existential themes, symbols and irony not only foreshadow, but affect Meursault’s and Truman’s ultimate choices in life. Work Cited Camus, Albert. The Stranger. January 1955. Print. Gonzales 5 The Truman Show. Peter Weir. Perf. Jim Carrey, Laura Linney, Ed Harris, Noah Emmerich, Brian Delate, Holland Taylor. 1998. Film.

How Pro Social Courteous Acts Affect Door Holding

How Pro Social Courteous Acts Affect Door Holding This study examined how pro-social courteous acts affect further acts of politeness. It questioned whether pro-social courteous acts promote the initiative to be more polite. Prior research has shown that gender can influences the act of door holding in a naturalistic setting. This study observed males and females to see if the door was held for them and, in response, if they continued this behavior. Observations of 305 college aged participants found that males are more likely to carry out the continued behavior of door holding while females have a higher rate of holding the door when it was not held for them previously. Generally it was found that, regardless of gender, if the door was held for an individual, that individual is more likely to reciprocate the act. Introduction According to Baskerville, Kim, Johnson, et al. (2000), todays society focuses on taking care of ourselves with lack of regard for others. People seem to have lessened the performance of random acts of kindness. Due to the rarity of these acts, people generally are hesitant to accept them. According to the article Reactions to Random Acts of Kindness, promoters of human kindness believe that kindness begets kindness. This study is trying to determine if gender plays a role in how often kindness is reciprocated. Baskerville, Kim, Johnson, et al. defined random acts of kindness as something one does for an unknown other that they hope will benefit that individual. Other studies have been done researching this question and have found various results. In one study performed by Yoder, Houge, Newman, Metz and LaVigne (2002) found a strong correlation between male door holding and dating, but not in everyday situations. While on a date, males are more likely to hold the door for their partner than in an everyday situation such as on a college campus. People hold doors based on gender-neutral, helpful, or benevolently sexist classification levels. Door holding is thought to be a form of courting in heterosexual relationships; gender stereotypes contribute to this. It was concluded that 55.2% of women and only 44.8% of men held the door in an everyday context. Yoders findings support the thesis of this study, which ishow pro-social courteous acts affect door holding; courtesy defined as well-mannered behavior It has also been seen that there has been a change in door holding patterns in the past twenty years due to societal transformations. This study predicts that men have a tendency to act more courteous than women in a situation regarding door holding in a public setting. Expectancy violation is defined as ones preconceived view on what is socially acceptable in regards to polite behavior in public. According to Johnson and Lewis (2010) expectancy violation relates to swearing in the workplace. When a behavior is performed that does not agree with this preconceived view, it is deemed an expectancy violation. Swearing in a public setting is known as an expectancy violation, as is not holding the door for someone when it was previously held for them. However, swearing is frowned upon to a much higher degree. Not holding the door only affects the person the door was not held for, while swearing affects everyone in earshot. Expectancy violation depends upon cultural acceptance and social norms. What one would expect for behavior is culturally based according to the standards of the society. Researcher Gibbons (2008) relays that there are several important factors that play a role in politeness such as age, sex, and socio economic status. Politeness is refined behavior towards others. This study done in Japan suggests that women and children are most polite. The reason for this politeness is possibly due the expectancy for it because they have a lower socioeconomic status. It focuses on variations in politeness. How pro-social courteous acts affect politeness varies across cultures. The given study differs greatly than studies done in western societies. It is included to demonstrate how social norms differ among cultures around the world. Moser and Corroyer (2001) compared door holding across gender and then across cities showing that, while there seemed to be no difference between sex in Paris (for who was holding the door or who was having the door held for them), people in a smaller French city were considerably less civil and high-density situations decreased the civility in both situations. Also, when they were exposed again to the politeness (the door was held for them) they were again returned to being polite. Goldman, Florez and Fuller (1981) relay that a person may influenced by the actions of others around them regarding pro-social courteous acts. The study goes on to discuss that the norm of reciprocity states that people should help those who have helped them. In contrast with this hypothesis, the study states that women are less polite than men. There are many benefits to performing pro-social courteous acts. According to researchers Buchanan and Bardi (2010) altruistic behaviors promote a more positive outlook on life. Life fulfillment can be dramatically altered based upon the likelihood that one will perform an act of kindness. A study was performed where happiness was measured before and after these acts of kindness were performed. The experiments group, assigned these tasks of kindness, resulted in a significantly increased measure of happiness. The hypothesis of this study expected to find that females, regardless of whether the door was held for them, are more likely to hold the door for the following person. The act of holding the door is characteristic of a pro-social courteous act. Door holding can be seen as a pro-social courteous act and can easily be observed in a naturalistic setting. Many variables can influence the probability that one will perform such an act. Gender and previously receiving this form of altruism are both factors that influence the reaction of the individual. Method The researchers performed a pilot study to find the best possible location to conduct research. Three different locations were observed over the course of three twenty-minute increments. These locations were the main entrance of the psychology building, Mahar Hall, the front entrance to the Campus Center and the side entrance to the Campus Center of SUNY Oswego. At the front entrance to the Campus Center, we observed seven males and eight females. Then, at the side entrance to the Campus Center we observed 21 males and 33 females. Finally, at Mahar Hall, we observed a total of five males and three females. Each person had his or her own role in the study. One held the outside door for pedestrians walking in. The second researcher will be standing in between the double doors, waiting to see if the person in turn holds the door for them. The third researcher will be recording each observation. After we choose the optimal location for our study, we will perform our experiment using the same techniques used in the pilot. After conducting the pilot study, it was realized that it would be potentially problematic for the researchers to hold the door for the participants without their informed consent. It was then decided to make this study purely observational and just observe groups of participants walking in and out of sets of doors, still watching to see if the first person holds or does not hold the door for the second and if the second holds or does not hold the door for the third. For the actual study, the side entrance to the Campus Center was chosen because it had the highest population density. The participants observed consisted of 139 male and 125 female college students. The participants were randomly observed by all three researchers involved in the study. Time was chosen based upon the large number of students entering and exiting the building between classes. All three researchers recorded the data on a premade table to better organize the information. The table consisted of two parts, [door held and not held]. There were two more columns for gender [male and female], each subcategorized into yes or no depending on whether they held the door. Two studies were conducted. For the first study, observations were made for people holding the door open for a person entering the building. A third person followed, and it was observed if the door was held for them. All researchers were observing and collecting data. For the second study, the researchers observed the door deliberately not being held for the second person entering the building. It was observed if the third person entering the building had the door held for them or not. Again, all researchers were observing and recording the data. The data was then analyzed to determine a conclusion. The statistical analysis that was used for this study was a two-way chi square analysis. A Between-Subjects design was used for this study. There were four categories including identification number, gender, hold/not hold and behavior. Results To test whether gender and pro-social acts each have an effect on door holding, a two-way chi-square test was performed and was significant on both accounts. In this study, the variables gender and door holding showed the results: 2(1, N=305) = 4.94, p Discussion After the data was analyzed, it was determined that gender was statistically significant in regards to door holding as well as pro-social courteous acts. Contrary to our prediction that women would be more likely to proceed with a pro-social courteous act, our results found that males are more likely to continue the act (males = 57.52%, females = 42.48%). Whether the door is held or not appears to influence the reactive responses of participants. Interestingly, females are actually more likely to hold the door when the door was not held for them. However, when the door is held, males are significantly more likely to reciprocate the gesture. The exact reasons for this are unknown, but there are assumptions that can be drawn from this behavior. For instance, the environment that the individual was raised in could have an effect. Males are often taught to hold the door for others, whereas in past times, it was a general practice that females would have the door held for them. In a dating situation, Males are strongly encouraged to hold the door for their partner. In a study done by Yoder, men were found to hold the door two out of three times. According to that study, the act of door holding differs upon societal views on male dominance and female passivity (2002). These stereotypes exist because of platforms such as the media, social norms and environment. In future observations, status can become a focus of the study. Status, defined by the setting, may play a significant role. For instance, in an educational setting, professors compared to college students would be conditions of the study. Age could also be taken into account by comparing across age groups and looking for a significant difference. Also, disability could be looked at to see if people are more likely to hold the door for such individuals. Finally, other cultures may show a significant resulting difference in the data. Further research would benefit this topic because there has not been a considerable amount of previous research. A suggestion for these researchers could be to have a control group and thereby conduct an experiment rather than an observation. One group could be directly manipulated by the researchers and given guidance on socially courteous acts. The other group could consist of people who have not been given the same guidance. All of these people would be randomly selected among the population.

United States vs. Japan in Math and Science Essay -- American Education

Over the years, tests have determined that the United States has not improved in math and science compared to Japan. Both countries have a different approach towards school. This might be the reason why American students are doing so poorly in math and science. American education should be compared to Japanese so that both can learn from each other because even though American scores are down they still have great ways to educate students. Differences that they have are ability vs. effect, teaching techniques, and parenting. In Japanese education, prime factors of their success are viewed as effort instead of ability. In his article, â€Å"Strengths, Weaknesses, and Lessons of Japanese Education,† James Fallows says, â€Å"The Japanese school system acts as though intellectual ability does not matter, assuming that just about everyone has enough ability to succeed†(208). In other words, they must give it there all. Japan does not accept 90% because they aim for 100%. If Japanese students receive a grade of 90%, then they’ll study even harder to be ready for the next test. It’s great that these students put so much effort in their school, but with all their studying, they don’t have anytime to have fun. The down fall is that all their childhood memories are going to be devoted to school and not them having fun. In the United States, education is viewed more towards ability rather than effort. Compared to Japan’s education, all students are taught the same subject at the same pace. In America, students are placed in classes by their individual levels where some will continue on as other will have to take the whole year over. Also, parents too believe that ability takes role in the learning in their children’s education. It is like parents... ...re continuing school knowing that its possible for the answer to be no. There’s not much pressure from parents in the United States for children’s education. Ultimately, in Japanese and in America, education has several gaps that can be fixed by looking at each others weaknesses and strengths. The horrific thing about the Japanese education is that they stress school too much that a thought of having fun is out the window. What United States education can learn from Japan is that students need to be pushed for effort in order for them to succeed. Group work should be involved more in American education since Japan is succeeding from it. The last thing that American’s should adapt from Japanese education is parent involvement. With the help of parents, students are more likely to succeed because they’ll have that extra help and push to achieving their school goals. United States vs. Japan in Math and Science Essay -- American Education Over the years, tests have determined that the United States has not improved in math and science compared to Japan. Both countries have a different approach towards school. This might be the reason why American students are doing so poorly in math and science. American education should be compared to Japanese so that both can learn from each other because even though American scores are down they still have great ways to educate students. Differences that they have are ability vs. effect, teaching techniques, and parenting. In Japanese education, prime factors of their success are viewed as effort instead of ability. In his article, â€Å"Strengths, Weaknesses, and Lessons of Japanese Education,† James Fallows says, â€Å"The Japanese school system acts as though intellectual ability does not matter, assuming that just about everyone has enough ability to succeed†(208). In other words, they must give it there all. Japan does not accept 90% because they aim for 100%. If Japanese students receive a grade of 90%, then they’ll study even harder to be ready for the next test. It’s great that these students put so much effort in their school, but with all their studying, they don’t have anytime to have fun. The down fall is that all their childhood memories are going to be devoted to school and not them having fun. In the United States, education is viewed more towards ability rather than effort. Compared to Japan’s education, all students are taught the same subject at the same pace. In America, students are placed in classes by their individual levels where some will continue on as other will have to take the whole year over. Also, parents too believe that ability takes role in the learning in their children’s education. It is like parents... ...re continuing school knowing that its possible for the answer to be no. There’s not much pressure from parents in the United States for children’s education. Ultimately, in Japanese and in America, education has several gaps that can be fixed by looking at each others weaknesses and strengths. The horrific thing about the Japanese education is that they stress school too much that a thought of having fun is out the window. What United States education can learn from Japan is that students need to be pushed for effort in order for them to succeed. Group work should be involved more in American education since Japan is succeeding from it. The last thing that American’s should adapt from Japanese education is parent involvement. With the help of parents, students are more likely to succeed because they’ll have that extra help and push to achieving their school goals.

Roles of Women in Vedic Culture Essay -- Sexual Marriage Papers

Roles of Women in Vedic Culture Vedic culture seems to have conflicting views regarding its attitude towards women, specifically its attitude towards a woman’s sexuality. This conflict can be seen by contrasting the ways in which women are treated in sacrificing rituals with how they are treated in a more intimate atmosphere, such as lovemaking, which is still often treated as a ritual in and of itself; ritual regarding fertility, love, and childbirth. To represent the roles of women in ritual, Stephanie W. Jamison has written â€Å"Sacrificed Wife, Sacrificer’s wife, which is a description and evaluation of women’s roles in ritual and hospitality in ancient India. â€Å"The general subject of [Jamison’s] book is the conceptual position of women in early Indic culture, but it is not designed as an inclusive overview of women in ancient India and all the institutions and attitudes affecting them. Rather it focuses on a single, apparently marginal female role-the activities of the wife in solemn ritual†¦ and isolates a set of conceptual functions the wife fills in ritual practice† (Jamison 4). To get a more expansive view of women’s roles in ritual, it is important to also consider other texts, perhaps including what is known as a â€Å"sex manual† for the roles of women in other aspects of their culture. The â€Å"Kama Sutra† will help to provide a contrast between the roles of women in solemn ritual, and the roles of women in sex ritual, since sex is often viewed as just as ritualistic as the Srauta ritual, described in Jamison’s text. The two texts, combined, will illuminate a contrast between the differing views of women, as Jamison’s book illuminates negative attitudes towards a woman’s sexuality and inequalities in the participatio... ...arding a woman’s sexuality, whereas in the â€Å"Kama Sutra† the woman’s sexuality is appreciated as a beautiful thing, and as a thing that is capable of being used in a positive way for both the woman and her partner. Certainly there are even moments of inequality apparent in the â€Å"Kama Sutra†, but, there are also passages that describe the importance of equality, and yet others that describe the duties of a man to please his wife. Whereas women are treated as deviants for their sexuality in ritual, they are praised for it in the bedroom, revealing a conflict in male minds as to how they feel about a woman’s sexuality, confused about whether they want a virgin or a whore. Works Cited Dane, Lance. The Complete Illustrated Kama Sutra. Inner Traditions. Singapore. 2003. Jamison, Stephanie W. Sacrificed Wife, Sacrificer’s Wife. Oxford University Press. New

Cathy’s Feelings for Edgar and Heathcliff Essay -- English Literature

Cathy’s Feelings for Edgar and Heathcliff ========================================= In this essay I am going to explain Cathy’s feelings for both Edgar Linton and Heathcliff. She had complex relationships with both Edgar and Heathcliff starting from when she was young. In her youth Cathy spent a lot of time with Heathcliff. This is the time when she first fell in love with him. She used to spend a lot of time running out to the moors with him. They would never be apart and shared everything with each other. The first time she met Edgar was when she went to Thrushcross grange. She stayed there for 5 weeks and came back cleaner and more sophisticated. The reason she went there was because Heathcliff herself snuck out to the moors. They went to thrushcross grange. But they were noticed through a window, by Edgar and his sister Isabelle. They took Cathy into the house, but not Heathcliff. When she came back from the grange, Cathy’s feelings hadn’t changed for Heathcliff but she felt that she was now in a higher social class to him and that she was distanced from him because of it. He thought that he was dirty. She said to him, â€Å" If you wash your face and brush your hair you will be alright.† This hurts Heathcliff. She hates it when Heathcliff is treated badly. She often expresses this. As Cathy gets older she starts to spend a lot more time with Edgar. After several visits to Wuthering Heights Edgar asks her to marry her and she accepts. She talks to Nelly (a housekeeper) about his proposal and she asks why she wants to marry him. She says it is because â€Å" he is handsome, young and cheerful, and rich and loves me.† Nelly doesn’t agree with her decision because she thinks the reasons aren’t good enou... ...e to either Heathcliff or Edgar. Both Edgar and Heathcliff are very upset. Heathcliff was angry that she died because they had began to show their love for each other again. He didn’t want to live in a world where he couldn’t find her. Heathcliff would rather be haunted by her. He says â€Å" you said I killed you- Haunt me then! The murdered do haunt their murderers.† This shows his distraught state of mind at the time of Cathy’s death. Edgar however, was less angry about her death and grieved more quietly. He acted very solitude. He had no communication with anyone for hours and did not sleep or eat. Up to her death, Catherine Linton’s feelings for Heathcliff did not change. She always loved him, even whilst she was married to Edgar. Her feelings for Edgar were also strong, but they were never quite as strong as for Heathcliff and Edgar resented this.

Philippines Mdg

PHILIPPINE DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2011-2016 MDGs in the National Development Plan Cleofe S. Pastrana National Economic and Development Authority Republic of the Philippines Sub-Regional Workshop for LDCs in Achieving MDGs Incheon, Republic of Korea 14 16 September 2011 Outline of presentation  § Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2011-2016  § Inclusion of the MDGs in Various PDP Chapters  § Challenges in Achieving the MDGs Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 2 Social Contract with the Filipino PeopleA country with an organized and widely shared rapid expansion of our economy through a government dedicated to honing and mobilizing our people s skills and energies as well as the responsible harnessing of our natural resources. Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 3 Three broad strategies to achieve inclusive growth†¦ INCLUSIVE GROWTH OUTCOMES REDUCE POVERTY INCREASE EMPLOYMENT PDP 2011-2016 BROAD STRATEGIES HIGH AND SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH EQUAL ACCESS TO DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES EFFECTIVE AND RESPONSIVE SOCIAL SAFETY NETS 4-16 September 2011 Republic of the Philippines 4 Social Contract s 16-Point Agenda Philippine Development Plan Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 5 Key programs and strategies in the Philippine Development Plan 20112016 Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 6 Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016 1. Introduction 2. Macroeconomic Policy 3. Competitive Industry and Services Sectors 4. Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Fisheries Sector 5. Accelerating Infrastructure Development Republic of the Philippines 4-16 September 2011 7 Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016 6. Towards a Dynamic and Resilient Financial System 7. Good Governance and the Rule of Law 8. Social Development 9. Peace and Security 10. Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the Environment and Natural Resources Towards Sustainable Development Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 8 Where do the Mi llennium Development Goals come in? The Philippine Development Plan affirms the government s commitment to attain the MDGs. Republic of the Philippines 4-16 September 2011 9 Chapter 1: In pursuit of inclusive growth [Inclusive growth] is sustained growth that creates jobs, draws the majority into the economic and social mainstream, and continuously reduces mass poverty. Growth in short was not inclusive owing to the basic disregard of the people s will and failure to render full and complete justice for all †¦ hence the MDG of universal primary education is consistent with inclusive growth . Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 10 Chapter 3: Competitive Industry and Services SectorThe government will [therefore]: (1) maintain and safeguard economic security in multilateral, regional, and bilateral economic engagements; (2) maintain and safeguard national and economic security through strategic partnerships within the Asian region to ensure that Philippine foreign po licy decisions, are taken in the context of Asian Regionalism and Asian Community; (3) continuously evaluate multilateralism and the stability of international organizations; and (4) work to attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targets by 2015 and reduce poverty through intensified international cooperation.Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 11 Chapter 4: Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Fisheries Sector The sector s (agriculture and fisheries) development is therefore vital in achieving inclusive growth and poverty reduction as well as attaining the targets under the MDGs. Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 12 Chapter 7: Good Governance and Rule of Law Corruption and lack of transparency are major constraints to the achievement of the MDGs.To say that corruption and poor governance abet and worsen poverty is no exaggeration. Kung walang corrupt, walang mahirap. Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 13 Chapter 8: Social Dev elopment Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 14 Chapter 8: Social Development The social development sector shall focus on ensuring an enabling policy environment for inclusive growth, poverty reduction, convergence of service delivery, maximized synergies, and active multi-stakeholder participation.Priority strategies include: (a) attaining the MDGs; (b) providing direct conditional cash transfers (CCT) to the poor; (c) achieving universal coverage in health and basic education; (d) adopting the community-driven development (CDD) approach; (e) converging social protection programs for priority beneficiaries and target areas†¦ Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 15 Chapter 8: Social DevelopmentHealth The National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) shall be strengthened as the prime mover in improving financial risk protection, generating resources to modernize and sustain health facilities, improving the provision of health services to achieve the MDGs, a nd reducing the risks of lifestyle-related illnesses Social Protection Direct CCTs to the poor through the Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program shall be the cornerstone of the government s strategy to fight poverty and attain the MDGs. 16 Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 Chapter 8: Social Development HousingMoreover, the housing sector aims to achieve the MDG of significantly improving the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers worldwide by 2020. With the formulation of the National Slum Upgrading Strategy, a systematic focusing of programs and coordination efforts is expected to be realized. Education Accelerate the implementation of the Basic Education Sector Reform Agenda s five key reform areas towards the attainment of the goals of EFA and the MDGs: (a) school-based management (SBM); (b) national learning strategies; (c) quality assurance and accountability; (d) complementary interventions; and (e) institutional culture change.Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 17 Chapter 8: Social Development Indicators Baseline 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 MDG Related Health Indicators Prevalence of underweight children under 5 (%) Proportion of households with per capita intake below 100% dietary energy requirement (%) Under 5 mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) Republic of the Philippines 20. 6 (2008) 66. 9 (2008) 17. 6 16. 6 15. 6 14. 6 13. 7 12. 7 54. 1 49. 9 45. 41. 4 37. 1 32. 8 34 (2008) 25 (2008) 31. 6 23 30. 4 22 29. 2 21 28 20 26. 7 19. 0 25. 5 17 14-16 September 2011 18 Chapter 8: Social Development Indicators Baseline 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 MDG-Related Health Indicators Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (all methods) Proportion of births attended by a health professional (%) Proportion of births delivered in health facilities (%) 95-163 (2010, NSCB) 97 56. 2 69 84 57. 9 72 70 59. 7 75 1 61. 4 80 52 63 85 50 51 (2008) 62 (200 8) 44 (2008) 90 69 72 75 80 85 90 Republic of the Philippines 14-16 September 2011 19 Chapter 8: Social Development Indicators Baseline 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 MDG-Related Health Indicators HIV Prevalence Malaria morbidity rate per 100,000 Malaria mortality rate TB prevalence rate per 100,000 TB mortality rate per 100,000 TB case detection rate TB cure rate Republic of the Philippines Less than 1% (2009) 22 (2009) 0. 03 (2009) 486 (2008) 41 (2007)

Term Papers

MADS 6655. 81 Contemporary Issues in residential district Policing Herbert F. P backleton, EdD Final Exam withdraw angiotensin converting enzyme from separately chapter and provide a wholeness paragraph response say the information requested. Chapter 8 1) Discuss in general rationale for learning what proceeding in criminal nicety in general, and for measuring (assessing and evaluating) COPPS initiatives in limited. 2) get the major differences mingled with assessments (as defined in the S. A. R. A. business solving process) and an empirical impact military rank of a COPPS strategy. ) let off wherefore the deed of an tangible impact evaluation is uniquely ch anyenging for the patrol core in terms of ones knowledge, skills and abilities and nearly doer for acquiring the services of one who thunder mug perform such(prenominal)(prenominal) an evaluation. 4) drag the kinds of knowledge, skills and abilities that a natural law officer active in COPPS es d isplaceial possess, as thoroughly as criteria for assessing an officers twainer solving performance. 5) pardon the benefits of victimisation suyveys for evaluation purposes. 6) Describe the benefits of an agencys employing the CP-SAT administration for its COPPS initiatives.Chapter 9 1) Explain the basic schools of mind as per Knowles and Bloom concerning the concepts of adult and difficulty based learning, and apply them to readying for COPPS. 2) Describe the characteristics of a learning establishment, and why it is weighty for practice of law agencies to rick as such. 3) specify the unique ch altogetherenges that be involved with training legal philosophy officers. 4) recapitulation how knowledge is im erupted at the basic rear academy as well as with the post academy, in-service, and rolling c solely methods. ) angle of inclination virtually kinds of technologies that dwell in police training. 6) Detail the promoter for determining officers training inelu ctably. Chapter 10 1) Explain in contemporary terms what is meant by diversity. 2) Delineate the historical background of police-minority relations. 3) round whether or non the criminal justice system discriminates against minorities accommo mesh the findings by RAND as well as the perceptions of separate worthy organizations. 4) desex what is meant by bias-based policing (racial profiling), and inform why it is a destructive practice. ) Define the elements of dislike crime, and talk about what measures ar be interpreted by the police to cross such acts. 6) Describe about(prenominal) of the cultural custom of people in different nationalities, and address why it is important for the police to be aw atomic number 18 of those different customs. 7) Explain why it is important for a police agency to be diverse, and provide warnings of what nearly police agencies ar doing to enhance their ability to recruit women and minorities. Chapter 11 ) Describe the kinds of strate gies that may be employed by police to forgather the challenges posed by methamphetamine and the bargon-assed-fashioned shake and bake form of do do drugss lab as well as near of the methods utilise and the hazards faced by the police to identify, eliminate, and clean up hush-hush drug labs. 2) round off what research shows industrial plant and does non work with regard to street- train drug enforcement, particularly as it concerns crackdowns, community partnerships, and problem-oriented policing. 3) Explain how open-air drug markets operate, what challenges they pose, and what COPPS efforts get to do to meet those challenges. ) Explain the problem of prescription(prenominal) drugs, particularly pharmaceutical counterfeiting and pharming parties. 5) Explain how COPPS efforts are beingness directed toward the identification, measure, and suppression of gangs. 6) Review the expiration and purposes for which graffiti exists, some means by which the problem may be ad dressed, and how graffiti may be used for intelligence gathering. 7) Explain what some adult cities are doing about their crimes of violence in general, and why some of those tactics are controversial. ) Explain what the police fag do about dealing with dis innly stock by youth in creation areas. 9) Describe what kitty be make to address underage drinking. 10) Review some COPPS commencees to school violence any cyber bullying. Chapter 12 1) Describe the nature and extent of individuation theft and some of the slipway that the police discount attempt to pr font and address it. 2) Explain what is meant by the term rational illness, its nature and extent, contributing factors, and what the police croup to cope with it. 3) As with mental llness supra, refer the nature and extent of homelessness and some means by which the police green goddess filter out to cope with it. 4) Review the nature and extent of domestic violence, and how COPPS has affected the approaches to redu cing its frequency. 5) Define what is meant by neighborhood disorder, how the economy has contributed to it, and ways COPPS foundation care to address it. 6) Review the problems surrounding prostitution, and list some means for addressing them. 7) keep down the four types of stalking situations, and how a COPPS approach would deal with them. ) Explain how the cyberspace has contributed to criminality, and how social net functional sites have a part in those crimes review the challenges for, and techniques of the police for analyze them. Chapter 13 1) Describe how COPPS efforts have been undertaken in large, medium, and small jurisdictions. 2) Explain how federal and earth law enforcement agencies as well as universities are engaging in COPPS activities. Chapter 14 1) Discuss the general system of policing in Canada, including the federal, provincial, and municipal systems. ) Describe the structure and functions of the imperial Canadian Mounted Police, including its COPPS mode l, which they termed CAPRA. 3) Explain the police functions and responsibilities in Japan, with particular emphasis on the koban concept. 4) Review the responsibilities of the Australian Federal Police, to include how it serves the rural (ACT) areas. 5) Explain how crime prevention lies at the root of COPPS in both Sweden and France, as well as otherwise similarities of their approach to, and practice of this philosophy. ) Review the manipulation of constables in Great Britain. 7) Explain the louver stages in the information of community policing in Hong Kong. Chapter 15 1) Discuss why a earlys orientation is important for police executives and supervisors, as well as the national organization that exists to foster the study and practice of that orientation. 2) pop the question an explanation of the kinds of accelerators and challenging crimes that the police must be trained to address in the future. 3) Define succession planning and explain why todays police leaders must eng age in that practice. ) Review the concerns of and reasons for some police observers beliefs that in that location is a tr add the axe the police to become more federalized and militarized. 5) Explain the authors concerns with the language of policing in general, particularly the t send awayency to use saucily labels and to constitute new eras of policing include intelligence-led policing and prophetical policing in your response. 6) List a abbreviation of the challenges facing the police in the future in order to fully savvy COPPS.Term Papers supernumerary Questions try Strategy defer of Contents 1Purpose3 2About special Questions3 3Requirements4 3. 1As-Is and New AQ give births4 AQ As-Is gas from V14 AQ superfluous / deepen throw for V24 ? endow rise AQ functional Component4 ?AQ FCA united to marking FCA4 ?Create AQ situation by copying an living event (closed, open, tipple & archived)4 ? suck provider4 3. 2AQ uplifted Level operativeity and List of user Stories5 Table infra installs the single-valued function of user Stories against the As-Is AQ in operation(p)ity5 Table below accomplishs the mathematical function of substance abuser Stories against the New AQ practicableity5 4 spare Questions increase6 . 1AQ cause knowledge in dismissals6 4. 2In Sprint running gameing (Blue are new AQ receives)6 4. 3 dodging riddleing7 4. 4In Sprint interrogation Dependencies7 4. 5 organisation examination Dependencies8 1 Purpose The purpose of this memorandum is to give the overview of the audition Strategy (Approach) for Additional Questions consume which forget be true and Implemented for V2. This document briefs about AQ functionality and its requirements, the development approach, this document likewise discuss about the various levels of examen AQ as its being substantial & the dependencies for testing. About Additional Questions Additional Question is an existing functionality of V1 speed application, hence its kn own as As-Is blow for V2. And also have some spare/enhanced gambols for V2. This Additional Questions (AQ) is a emptor centric functionality and in V1 AQ is non a common lark about which is procurable for all vendees. Its a Bolt-On sport, where a Buyer organisation move prefer for this feature by making supererogatory payment. AQ functionality has been unquestionable and implemented in V1 in a way it privy be configured for any Buyer Organisation.AQ provides an surplus edge to Buyer Organisation where they can ask their intended Questions to a specific association of suppliers of their own interest and trivial list them upon their response. Using this feature fellow portion of a Buyer Organisation, who is having permissions to AQ can create an AQ impression which comprises of a template with questions, and the segment can search for suppliers and invite them all or a specific set of suppliers to answer the questions, on or to begin with a dead line date set fo r the particular AQ event by the member.Buyer substance ab exploiter can create AQ lawsuits and go along it for feature purpose, existing AQ event can be used by some other Buyer Organisation member and the member can use it as it is or can do some changes before inviting the suppliers. Even the invited AQ events can be reused. Buyer substance abuser result be able to add or recall questions to an AQ event. A. Q summary is the last stage of gulp event in which the user can preview the whole event and also review it before sending it to the supplier users. Supplier exigencys to respond to AQ and buyer volition rate supplier according.Scoring locomotive engine testament help AQ to rate Supplier. AQ harvest-home enquires to be configured by C3 user with all required features. AQ impart be added as a helping which will be inherited by child product (community). * 3 Requirements Requirements positive as user Stories and reviewed by Products & run aggroup and approved. Bo th the existing features (As-Is) and the new V2 specific additional / enhanced features are also stretch outed in user stories. The below table will give the bifurcation of Existing and New features of Additional Questions. . 1 As-Is and New AQ lets * AQ As-Is feature of speech from V1 * AQ Additional / enhance trait for V2 * Create AQ template * Create AQ functional Component * Create AQ drawing event & review of AQ * AQ FCA linked to Scoring FCA * Create AQ number development AQ Template * Permission to C3 substance abuser for AQ * Create AQ Event by copying an existing event (closed, open, draft & archived) * Create & use AQ subroutine library * * Invite Supplier * Language detain to AQ AQ view for GBO * Buyer assigns score to AQ Event * AQ view for Buyer * Scoring can be manual or reflex(a) * * AQ view for Supplier * AQ alert to buyer when Current see + 7 = closing curtain Date * Modification to AQ Open Event * Reminder email to supplier who has not responded * Categorisation of AQ Open Event (Responded, not Responded, Not Interested) * Clarification asked by Buyer on AQ supplier response * AQ cogitations * AQ scoring for each supplier * * Comparison of AQ with extol to supplier * * Buyer rate & email to supplier on AQ Close Event * 4. 2 AQ high school Level Functionality and List of User Stories * Table below gives the office of User Stories against the As-Is AQ Functionality athletic field Functionality User study GBO Buyer Supplier * Table below gives the mapping of User Stories against the New AQ Functionality playing area Functionality User flooring GBO Buyer Supplier * 4 V2 developing Strategy 5. 3 exploitation Approach V2 development is a mix of both Waterfall and ready development framework.The Development of requirements come throughs waterfall, where as the actual code development will excrete in agile methodology. First all the User Stories will be written, reviewed and sign-language(a) off by the stake holders. Development will follow the high level milestone plan, which comprises of internal emancipates and express put down. Date 1/Dec/12 1/Jan/13 15/Jan/13 29/Jan/13 1/Feb/13 1/ itch/13 15/Mar/13 29/Mar/13 eject of import 0. 1 of import 0. 2 important 0. 3 of import 1. 0 Alpha 1. 1 Alpha 1. 2 Alpha 1. 3 Alpha 2. 0 Purpose interior(a) internecine immanent Board internal essential Internal BoardAs mentioned above each and e precise internal lighting has triune loop-the-loops for development and the user stories will be allocated to these loopings for development. Within these iterations all the allocated user stories will be developed and tried In-Sprint examination. 5. 4 AQ possess Development in Releases As explained above, AQ as feature to be developed for V2 will also follow the same development methodology, All User Stories belongs to AQ will first written, reviewed and signed off, and and then developed in t riplex releases in ten-fold iterations.The table below will give us the mental image of AQ Development in Release and looping wise. The chief(prenominal) purpose of the below table is to give clear picture of When AQ feature development will be started and in which release it will developed and delivered ascorbic acid%. Table below will not give the Start and mop up dates of either each and every release or cringles, these dates are usable with the development squad and ion their plan. Release loop User bill Functionality / Area Internal Release Alpha 0. 1 grommet 1 grommet 2 loop-the-loop 3 grummet 4 Internal Release Alpha 0. 2 loop topology 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Internal Release Alpha 0. 3 Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Demo Release 1. 0 Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Internal Release Alpha 1. 1 Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Internal Release Alph a 1. 2 Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Internal Release Alpha 1. 3 Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Demo Release 2. 0 Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 5 AQ testify Approach This subdivision describes the test approach for Additional Question by explaining the followers. * Testing Scope of Additional Questions * addiction with other critical V2 functionalities * integrating with Third companionship Application romps * Levels of Testing * Test architectural plan & Execution * Test Data Requirements * Functional Automation Testing * Non Functional Testing Scope 6. 5 Scope of Additional QuestionsAdditional Question as feature it strewing across all the major areas of V2 application, though its Buyer centric feature its having background knowledge in C3 (Configuration manoeuver Center), GBO (Global Back Office), SCC (Standard troupe Concept) Buyer & Supplier. destination to End lieu From an end to end perspective the AQ functionality testing need to be started from C3 (may be configuration of AQ need additional information to empty it) and then SCC-Buyer can create AQ Events and invite Suppliers and then SCC- Suppliers can respond for AQ events.From GBO-User perspective AQ needs to be tried for AQ Dashboard, AQ Reports, etc (need additional information to get it on this division) Non Functional emplacement instruction execution some AQ throws needs to be tried and true for Performance * AQ template creation with more Questions * Inviting multiple suppliers * Response time of viewing AQ responses * AQ Report Generation for SCC-Buyer & GBO User Multilingual panorama As Additional Question can be configured for any intention / community, and we have communities which support more than one language, AQ needs to be tried and true in all relevant languages. pose Browser Perspective As Buyer organisation members and Suppliers can use any browser to attack the applic ation, Additional Questions features needs to be tested in multiple browser factions. Community Specific Additional Questions can be configured for specific communities and as we already have few communities effectively using AQ, all such communities needs to be tested thoroughly AQ feature. Supplier Perspective AQ needs to be thoroughly tested with * Newly Registered Suppliers * Migrated Suppliers 6. 6 Additional Questions Dependency with other Features. AdditionalQuestions is one of the feature in V2 application, this feature has some integrating / dependence with some other features of V2 application. This section describes the AQ dependency with such other features of V2. This dependency may play a critical voice in AQ testing at functional level and at end to end testing, we may have a work around to bypass the dependency, where as some feature must be available to test AQ. AQ Feature Dependent Feature Dependency level When This Feature will be Ready Do we have Work around Work Around Effectiveness of Work Around Invite Supplier Search Very High ? ? ? Email Generation Very High ? ? ? Existing / Migrated Suppliers High ? ? ? All such dependencies for all AQ features needs to be captured in a separate excel pall and attached to this document. And the Dependencies needs to be discussed with Development team, as we may need their help for some work around or the feature needs to be developed in a priority. This dependency is very critical for test execution. 6. 7 integrating with Third Party Application Features This section needs to be filled in 6. 8 Levels of TestingAdditional Questions will be tested at In-Sprint Testing and System Testing, this section describes what will be covered in In-Sprint Testing and System Testing. In-Sprint Testing In-Sprint Testing is part of development, In-Sprint testing team will work along with Development team for Release and Iterations, user stories assigned to iterations is the scope for development an d testing, while development teams starts label In-Sprint testing team starts test design, when the feature is developed and ready for testing, In-Sprint test team will test the feature and give the result.In-Sprint test team covers Unit, integration, continual desegregation and relapsing Testing. In-Sprint Unit Testing In unit testing, team checks for the following using Checklists * Field Level Validation of all controls * Boundary Value, Equivalence Partitioning * varlet Navigation on Links * Messages (information on control validation, Tool Tips, etc ) * Page Templates, Company Logo, T&Cs, Copy Right, etc * Cross Browser All UI design needs to be validated with all applicable browser combinationsIn-Sprint Integration Testing team test the features developed integrated with preceded and following features of a feature belongs to same module (Group of requirements, belongs to one user story) within the iteration as the features being developed in iterations. And also the int egrating of group of requirements developed (one User story) with another group of requirements (another User history) as iteration is having multiple User stories. In-Sprint test team will compile functional test cases to test this consolidation of features.In-Sprint Continuous Integration Testing team tests the integration of features developed in multiple iterations, as the features developed across multiple iterations of any release are being continuously integrated together. Team may write separate set of integration test cases for this else they will enhance their existing integration test cases to test this, in an another approach team can group set of individual integration test cases and guide them in an order which covers this continuous integration.In-Sprint Regression Testing Test team executes all the test cases which belongs to preferably release for any successive release, this is to chequer that the new release features are not hampering the existing features a lready developed and tested and also ensures the integration of features in between two successive release is working fine. Table below gives a picture of Unit, Integration, Continuous Integration & Regression testing for Releases and Iterations.Release Iteration User drool Feature Testing Unit Integration Continuous Integration Regression Release 1 Iteration 1 User boloney 1 Feature 1 Y Integration of feature 1+2+3+4 Continuous Integration of User Story 1 + 2+ 3 Release 1 TCs Regression Suite for Release 2 Feature 2 Y Feature 3 Y Feature 4 Y User Story 2 Feature 5 Y Integration of feature 5+6+7+8 Feature 6 Y Feature 7 Y Feature 8 Y User Story 3 Feature 9 Y Integration of feature 9+10 Feature 10 Y Iteration 2 User Story 4 Feature 11 Y Integration of feature 11+12+13+14 Continuous Integration of User Story 1 + 2+ 3+4+5+6 Feature 12 Y Feature 13 Y Feature 14 Y User Story 5 Feature 15 Y Integration of feature 15+16+17+18 Feature 16 Y Feature 17 Y Feature 18 Y User Story 6 Feature 19 Y Integration of feature 19+20 Feature 20 Y Release 2 Iteration 3 User Story 7 Feature 21 Y Y Y Release 1 + Release 2 TCs Regression Suite for Release 3 Feature 22 Y Feature 23 Y Feature 24 Y User Story 8 Feature 25 Y Y Feature 26 Y Feature 27 Y Feature 28 Y User Story 9 Feature 29 Y Y Feature 30 Y Iteration 4 User Story 10 Feature 31 Y Y Y Feature 32 Y Feature 33 Y Feature 34 Y User Story 11 Feature 35 Y Y Feature 36 Y Feature 37 Y Feature 38 Y User Story 12 Feature 39 Y Y Feature 40 Y System Testing System testing will be penalise by System Testing team, System test design and execution will be done as End to End level. In System test design we will write Test Scenarios and Prepare Test Data to execute the System Testing. Test Scenarios will cover multiple functionalities with a ll permutation and combination of functionalities to test all possible material time end to end scenarios.System testing will also cover the end to end scenarios for maximum number of suppliers, for example System testing will be executed for inviting 500 suppliers for an AQ event, creating an AQ event with speed of light Questions. And to execute the end to end testing for such high volume of suppliers we need support from Automation, because as the V2 application being developed right from the scratch, existing suppliers not available in the system, hence we need to first register for 100 of suppliers, registering 100 of suppliers will require high imagination count and its practically not possible.And also respond to an AQ event sent for 100 of suppliers it take time and resource, if it needs to be done manually, in such scenario we need Automation script to complete the task. 6. 9 Test Design 6. 10 Test Data Requirements 6. 11 Functional Automation Testing 6. 12 Non Functional Testing Scope